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profileDavid S. Ludwig, M.D., Ph.D.

TitleProfessor of Pediatrics
InstitutionBoston Children's Hospital
DepartmentPediatrics
AddressChildren's Hospital
Endocrinology
300 Longwood Ave
Boston MA 02115
Phone617/355-4878
Fax617/730-0183
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Other Positions
TitleProfessor in the Department of Nutrition
InstitutionHarvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health
DepartmentNutrition


Collapse Biography 
Collapse awards and honors
2007First Incumbent, The John Fielding Crigler, Jr. Chair in Pediatric Endocrinology
2008The E.V. McCollum Award for Clinical Research
2015Oded Bar-Or Award for Pediatric Obesity Research

Collapse Overview 
Collapse overview
Dr. Ludwig is a practicing endocrinologist and researcher at Boston Children’s Hospital. He holds the rank of Professor of Pediatrics at Harvard Medical School and Professor of Nutrition at Harvard School of Public Health. Dr Ludwig Founded the Optimal Weight for Life (OWL) program at Children's Hospital, one of the country’s oldest and largest multidisciplinary clinics for the care of overweight children. He also directs the New Balance Foundation Obesity Prevention Center at Children’s Hospital. His research focuses on the effects of diet on hormones, metabolism and body weight. In particular, he developed a novel “low glycemic load” diet (i.e., one that decreases the surge in blood sugar after meals) for the treatment of obesity and prevention of type 2 diabetes and heart disease. In addition, he conducted some of the original studies linking sugar-sweetened beverages and fast food to obesity. Described as an “obesity warrior” by Time Magazine, Dr. Ludwig has fought for fundamental policy changes to improve the food environment. He received the E.V. McCollum Award (2008) of the American Society for Nutrition and the Oded Bar-Or Award (2015) of The Obesity Society. Dr. Ludwig is Principal Investigator on numerous grants with 20 years of continuous NIH funding, including a current K24 mid-career mentoring grant. He has published over 150 scientific articles and serves as Contributing Writer for JAMA. Dr. Ludwig has written 2 books for the public, including the #1 New York Times bestseller Always Hungry? Conquer Cravings, Retrain Your Fat Cells, and Lose Weight Permanently (Grand Central Publishing, 2016). He appears frequently in national print and broadcast media.


Collapse Mentoring 
Collapse completed student projects
The Effects of Popular Diets on Energy Expenditure After Weight Loss
Summer, 06/15/09 - 08/07/09
Endocrinologic and metabolic effects of popular diets during weight maintenance after weight loss in obese young adults
Full Time/Year Long, 07/01/08 - 06/30/09

Collapse Research 
Collapse research activities and funding
The research activities and funding listed below are automatically derived from NIH ExPORTER and other sources, which might result in incorrect or missing items. Faculty can login to make corrections and additions.
Most Recent  |  List All
R01HL104215     (LUDWIG, DAVID S)Aug 14, 2010 - Jun 30, 2014
NIH/NHLBI
Sugar-sweetened beverages and cardiovascular disease risk: an RCT
Role: Principal Investigator
R01DK085109     (LUDWIG, DAVID S)Jul 1, 2010 - Jun 30, 2015
NIH/NIDDK
A Novel Diet-Phenotype Interaction Affecting Body Weight
Role: Principal Investigator
K24DK082730     (LUDWIG, DAVID S)Jan 1, 2009 - Sep 14, 2019
NIH/NIDDK
Effects of Diet on Hormones, Metabolism and Body Weight
Role: Principal Investigator
R03DK073335     (LUDWIG, DAVID S)Aug 15, 2006 - Jun 30, 2009
NIH/NIDDK
Glycemic Load and infant birth weight in pregnant/glucose intolerant women
Role: Principal Investigator
R01DK073025     (LUDWIG, DAVID S)Feb 21, 2006 - Dec 31, 2011
NIH/NIDDK
Reducing Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Consumption in Overweight Adolescents
Role: Principal Investigator

Collapse Bibliographic 
Collapse selected publications
Publications listed below are automatically derived from MEDLINE/PubMed and other sources, which might result in incorrect or missing publications. Faculty can login to make corrections and additions.
List All   |   Timeline
  1. Hron BM, Ebbeling CB, Feldman HA, Ludwig DS. Hepatic, adipocyte, enteric and pancreatic hormones: response to dietary macronutrient composition and relationship with metabolism. Nutr Metab (Lond). 2017; 14:44. PMID: 28694840.
    View in: PubMed
  2. Wong JMW, Ebbeling CB, Robinson L, Feldman HA, Ludwig DS. Effects of Advice to Drink 8 Cups of Water per Day in Adolescents With Overweight or Obesity: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Pediatr. 2017 May 01; 171(5):e170012. PMID: 28264082.
    View in: PubMed
  3. Wolever TM, Augustin LS, Brand-Miller JC, Delport E, Livesey G, Ludwig DS, Sievenpiper JL. Glycemic index is as reliable as macronutrients on food labels. Am J Clin Nutr. 2017 Mar; 105(3):768-769. PMID: 28251938.
    View in: PubMed
  4. Esko T, Hirschhorn JN, Feldman HA, Hsu YH, Deik AA, Clish CB, Ebbeling CB, Ludwig DS. Metabolomic profiles as reliable biomarkers of dietary composition. Am J Clin Nutr. 2017 Mar; 105(3):547-554. PMID: 28077380.
    View in: PubMed
  5. Levenson AE, Milliren CE, Biddinger SB, Ebbeling CB, Feldman HA, Ludwig DS, de Ferranti SD. Calorically restricted diets decrease PCSK9 in overweight adolescents. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2017 Apr; 27(4):342-349. PMID: 28228332.
    View in: PubMed
  6. Ludwig DS. Lowering the Bar on the Low-Fat Diet. JAMA. 2016 Nov 22; 316(20):2087-2088. PMID: 27681384.
    View in: PubMed
  7. Fleischman A, Hourigan SE, Lyon HN, Landry MG, Reynolds J, Steltz SK, Robinson L, Keating S, Feldman HA, Antonelli RC, Ludwig DS, Ebbeling CB. Creating an integrated care model for childhood obesity: a randomized pilot study utilizing telehealth in a community primary care setting. Clin Obes. 2016 Dec; 6(6):380-388. PMID: 27863024.
    View in: PubMed
  8. Ludwig DS, Ebbeling CB. Raising the bar on the low-carbohydrate diet. Am J Clin Nutr. 2016 Nov; 104(5):1487-1488. PMID: 27802995.
    View in: PubMed
  9. Rhodes ET, Vernacchio L, Mitchell AA, Fischer C, Giacalone P, Ludwig DS, Ebbeling CB. A telephone intervention to achieve differentiation in dietary intake: a randomized trial in paediatric primary care. Pediatr Obes. 2016 Aug 05. PMID: 27492865.
    View in: PubMed
  10. Zenlea IS, Milliren C, Herel S, Thomaseo Burton E, Askins N, Ludwig DS, Rhodes ET. Outcomes from an orientation model to reduce attrition in paediatric weight management. Clin Obes. 2016 Oct; 6(5):313-20. PMID: 27487780; PMCID: PMC5023470 [Available on 10/01/17].
    View in: PubMed, PubMed Central
  11. Ludwig D. Overlapping ontologies and Indigenous knowledge. From integration to ontological self-determination. Stud Hist Philos Sci. 2016 Oct; 59:36-45. PMID: 27692212.
    View in: PubMed
  12. Ludwig DS. Lifespan Weighed Down by Diet. JAMA. 2016 Jun 07; 315(21):2269-70. PMID: 27043490.
    View in: PubMed
  13. Bertoia ML, Mukamal KJ, Cahill LE, Hou T, Ludwig DS, Mozaffarian D, Willett WC, Hu FB, Rimm EB. Correction: Changes in Intake of Fruits and Vegetables and Weight Change in United States Men and Women Followed for Up to 24 Years: Analysis from Three Prospective Cohort Studies. PLoS Med. 2016 Jan; 13(1):e1001956. PMID: 26789645; PMCID: PMC4720400.
    View in: PubMed, PubMed Central
  14. Mozaffarian D, Ludwig DS. Dietary Cholesterol and Blood Cholesterol Concentrations-Reply. JAMA. 2015 Nov 17; 314(19):2084-5. PMID: 26575070.
    View in: PubMed
  15. Tobias DK, Chen M, Manson JE, Ludwig DS, Willett W, Hu FB. Effect of low-fat diet interventions versus other diet interventions on long-term weight change in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2015 Dec; 3(12):968-79. PMID: 26527511; PMCID: PMC4667723 [Available on 12/01/16].
    View in: PubMed, PubMed Central
  16. Bertoia ML, Mukamal KJ, Cahill LE, Hou T, Ludwig DS, Mozaffarian D, Willett WC, Hu FB, Rimm EB. Changes in Intake of Fruits and Vegetables and Weight Change in United States Men and Women Followed for Up to 24 Years: Analysis from Three Prospective Cohort Studies. PLoS Med. 2015 Sep; 12(9):e1001878. PMID: 26394033; PMCID: PMC4578962.
    View in: PubMed, PubMed Central
  17. Hron BM, Ebbeling CB, Feldman HA, Ludwig DS. Relationship of insulin dynamics to body composition and resting energy expenditure following weight loss. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2015 Nov; 23(11):2216-22. PMID: 26373701; PMCID: PMC4633340 [Available on 11/01/16].
    View in: PubMed, PubMed Central
  18. de Ferranti SD, Milliren CE, Denhoff ER, Quinn N, Osganian SK, Feldman HA, Ebbeling CB, Ludwig DS. Providing food to treat adolescents at risk for cardiovascular disease. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2015 Oct; 23(10):2109-17. PMID: 26337820; PMCID: PMC4586898 [Available on 10/01/16].
    View in: PubMed, PubMed Central
  19. French SA, Sherwood NE, JaKa MM, Haapala JL, Ebbeling CB, Ludwig DS. Physical changes in the home environment to reduce television viewing and sugar-sweetened beverage consumption among 5- to 12-year-old children: a randomized pilot study. Pediatr Obes. 2016 Oct; 11(5):e12-5. PMID: 26317968.
    View in: PubMed
  20. Wong JM, Gallagher M, Gooding H, Feldman HA, Gordon CM, Ludwig DS, Ebbeling CB. A randomized pilot study of dietary treatments for polycystic ovary syndrome in adolescents. Pediatr Obes. 2016 06; 11(3):210-20. PMID: 26132306; PMCID: PMC4698106 [Available on 06/01/17].
    View in: PubMed, PubMed Central
  21. Mozaffarian D, Ludwig DS. The 2015 US Dietary Guidelines: Lifting the Ban on Total Dietary Fat. JAMA. 2015 Jun 23-30; 313(24):2421-2. PMID: 26103023.
    View in: PubMed
  22. Ludwig DS, Astrup A, Willett WC. The glycemic index: Reports of its demise have been exaggerated. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2015 Jul; 23(7):1327-8. PMID: 25974086.
    View in: PubMed
  23. Smith JD, Hou T, Ludwig DS, Rimm EB, Willett W, Hu FB, Mozaffarian D. Changes in intake of protein foods, carbohydrate amount and quality, and long-term weight change: results from 3 prospective cohorts. Am J Clin Nutr. 2015 Jun; 101(6):1216-24. PMID: 25854882; PMCID: PMC4441808.
    View in: PubMed, PubMed Central
  24. Heymsfield SB, Ebbeling CB, Zheng J, Pietrobelli A, Strauss BJ, Silva AM, Ludwig DS. Multi-component molecular-level body composition reference methods: evolving concepts and future directions. Obes Rev. 2015 Apr; 16(4):282-94. PMID: 25645009; PMCID: PMC4464774.
    View in: PubMed, PubMed Central
  25. Mozaffarian D, Rogoff KS, Ludwig DS. Taxes and subsidies to improve diet--reply. JAMA. 2015 Jan 20; 313(3):308. PMID: 25602978.
    View in: PubMed
  26. Lennerz BS, Vafai SB, Delaney NF, Clish CB, Deik AA, Pierce KA, Ludwig DS, Mootha VK. Effects of sodium benzoate, a widely used food preservative, on glucose homeostasis and metabolic profiles in humans. Mol Genet Metab. 2015 Jan; 114(1):73-9. PMID: 25497115; PMCID: PMC4289147 [Available on 01/01/16].
    View in: PubMed, PubMed Central
  27. Mozaffarian D, Rogoff KS, Ludwig DS. The real cost of food: can taxes and subsidies improve public health? JAMA. 2014 Sep 03; 312(9):889-90. PMID: 25182094.
    View in: PubMed
  28. Ludwig DS, Friedman MI. Increasing adiposity: consequence or cause of overeating? JAMA. 2014 Jun 04; 311(21):2167-8. PMID: 24839118.
    View in: PubMed
  29. Ludwig D. Hysteria, race, and phlogiston. A model of ontological elimination in the human sciences. Stud Hist Philos Biol Biomed Sci. 2014 Mar; 45:68-77. PMID: 24275680.
    View in: PubMed
  30. Gillman MW, Ludwig DS. How early should obesity prevention start? N Engl J Med. 2013 Dec 05; 369(23):2173-5. PMID: 24224559.
    View in: PubMed
  31. Ludwig DS, Rouse HL, Currie J. Pregnancy weight gain and childhood body weight: a within-family comparison. PLoS Med. 2013 Oct; 10(10):e1001521. PMID: 24130460; PMCID: PMC3794857.
    View in: PubMed, PubMed Central
  32. Ludwig DS, Willett WC. Three daily servings of reduced-fat milk: an evidence-based recommendation? JAMA Pediatr. 2013 Sep; 167(9):788-9. PMID: 23818041.
    View in: PubMed
  33. Ludwig DS. Examining the health effects of fructose. JAMA. 2013 Jul 03; 310(1):33-4. PMID: 23732692.
    View in: PubMed
  34. Lennerz BS, Alsop DC, Holsen LM, Stern E, Rojas R, Ebbeling CB, Goldstein JM, Ludwig DS. Effects of dietary glycemic index on brain regions related to reward and craving in men. Am J Clin Nutr. 2013 Sep; 98(3):641-7. PMID: 23803881; PMCID: PMC3743729.
    View in: PubMed, PubMed Central
  35. Odegaard AO, Jacobs DR, Steffen LM, Van Horn L, Ludwig DS, Pereira MA. Breakfast frequency and development of metabolic risk. Diabetes Care. 2013 Oct; 36(10):3100-6. PMID: 23775814; PMCID: PMC3781522.
    View in: PubMed, PubMed Central
  36. Ramon-Krauel M, Salsberg SL, Ebbeling CB, Voss SD, Mulkern RV, Apura MM, Cooke EA, Sarao K, Jonas MM, Ludwig DS. A low-glycemic-load versus low-fat diet in the treatment of fatty liver in obese children. Child Obes. 2013 Jun; 9(3):252-60. PMID: 23705885; PMCID: PMC3675832.
    View in: PubMed, PubMed Central
  37. Walsh CO, Ebbeling CB, Swain JF, Markowitz RL, Feldman HA, Ludwig DS. Effects of diet composition on postprandial energy availability during weight loss maintenance. PLoS One. 2013; 8(3):e58172. PMID: 23483989; PMCID: PMC3590159.
    View in: PubMed, PubMed Central
  38. Mozaffarian D, Hemenway D, Ludwig DS. Curbing gun violence: lessons from public health successes. JAMA. 2013 Feb 13; 309(6):551-2. PMID: 23295618.
    View in: PubMed
  39. Ebbeling CB, Ludwig DS. Sugar-sweetened beverages, genetic risk, and obesity. N Engl J Med. 2013 Jan 17; 368(3):287. PMID: 23330174.
    View in: PubMed
  40. Willett WC, Ludwig DS. Science souring on sugar. BMJ. 2013 Jan 15; 346:e8077. PMID: 23321488.
    View in: PubMed
  41. Mozaffarian RS, Lee RM, Kennedy MA, Ludwig DS, Mozaffarian D, Gortmaker SL. Identifying whole grain foods: a comparison of different approaches for selecting more healthful whole grain products. Public Health Nutr. 2013 Dec; 16(12):2255-64. PMID: 23286205; PMCID: PMC4486284.
    View in: PubMed, PubMed Central
  42. Ludwig DS, Blumenthal SJ, Willett WC. Opportunities to reduce childhood hunger and obesity: restructuring the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (the Food Stamp Program). JAMA. 2012 Dec 26; 308(24):2567-8. PMID: 23268513.
    View in: PubMed
  43. Mirza NM, Palmer MG, Sinclair KB, McCarter R, He J, Ebbeling CB, Ludwig DS, Yanovski JA. Effects of a low glycemic load or a low-fat dietary intervention on body weight in obese Hispanic American children and adolescents: a randomized controlled trial. Am J Clin Nutr. 2013 Feb; 97(2):276-85. PMID: 23255569; PMCID: PMC3545680.
    View in: PubMed, PubMed Central
  44. Ebbeling CB, Feldman HA, Chomitz VR, Antonelli TA, Gortmaker SL, Osganian SK, Ludwig DS. A randomized trial of sugar-sweetened beverages and adolescent body weight. N Engl J Med. 2012 Oct 11; 367(15):1407-16. PMID: 22998339; PMCID: PMC3494993.
    View in: PubMed, PubMed Central
  45. Ludwig DS, Ebbeling CB, Livingston EH. Surgical vs lifestyle treatment for type 2 diabetes. JAMA. 2012 Sep 12; 308(10):981-2. PMID: 22968885.
    View in: PubMed
  46. Aad G, Abbott B, Abdallah J, Abdelalim AA, Abdesselam A, Abdinov O, Abi B, Abolins M, AbouZeid OS, Abramowicz H, Abreu H, Acerbi E, Acharya BS, Adamczyk L, Adams DL, Addy TN, Adelman J, Aderholz M, Adomeit S, Adragna P, Adye T, Aefsky S, Aguilar-Saavedra JA, Aharrouche M, Ahlen SP, Ahles F, Ahmad A, Ahsan M, Aielli G, Akdogan T, Åkesson TP, Akimoto G, Akimov AV, Akiyama A, Alam MS, Alam MA, Albert J, Albrand S, Aleksa M, Aleksandrov IN, Alessandria F, Alexa C, Alexander G, Alexandre G, Alexopoulos T, Alhroob M, Aliev M, Alimonti G, Alison J, Aliyev M, Allbrooke BM, Allport PP, Allwood-Spiers SE, Almond J, Aloisio A, Alon R, Alonso A, Alvarez Gonzalez B, Alviggi MG, Amako K, Amaral P, Amelung C, Ammosov VV, Amorim A, Amorós G, Amram N, Anastopoulos C, Ancu LS, Andari N, Andeen T, Anders CF, Anders G, Anderson KJ, Andreazza A, Andrei V, Andrieux ML, Anduaga XS, Angerami A, Anghinolfi F, Anisenkov A, Anjos N, Annovi A, Antonaki A, Antonelli M, Antonov A, Antos J, Anulli F, Aoun S, Aperio Bella L, Apolle R, Arabidze G, Aracena I, Arai Y, Arce AT, Arfaoui S, Arguin JF, Arik E, Arik M, Armbruster AJ, Arnaez O, Arnault C, Artamonov A, Artoni G, Arutinov D, Asai S, Asfandiyarov R, Ask S, Åsman B, Asquith L, Assamagan K, Astbury A, Astvatsatourov A, Aubert B, Auge E, Augsten K, Aurousseau M, Avolio G, Avramidou R, Axen D, Ay C, Azuelos G, Azuma Y, Baak MA, Baccaglioni G, Bacci C, Bach AM, Bachacou H, Bachas K, Backes M, Backhaus M, Badescu E, Bagnaia P, Bahinipati S, Bai Y, Bailey DC, Bain T, Baines JT, Baker OK, Baker MD, Baker S, Banas E, Banerjee P, Banerjee S, Banfi D, Bangert A, Bansal V, Bansil HS, Barak L, Baranov SP, Barashkou A, Barbaro Galtieri A, Barber T, Barberio EL, Barberis D, Barbero M, Bardin DY, Barillari T, Barisonzi M, Barklow T, Barlow N, Barnett BM, Barnett RM, Baroncelli A, Barone G, Barr AJ, Barreiro F, Barreiro Guimarães da Costa J, Barrillon P, Bartoldus R, Barton AE, Bartsch V, Bates RL, Batkova L, Batley JR, Battaglia A, Battistin M, Bauer F, Bawa HS, Beale S, Beau T, Beauchemin PH, Beccherle R, Bechtle P, Beck HP, Becker S, Beckingham M, Becks KH, Beddall AJ, Beddall A, Bedikian S, Bednyakov VA, Bee CP, Begel M, Behar Harpaz S, Behera PK, Beimforde M, Belanger-Champagne C, Bell PJ, Bell WH, Bella G, Bellagamba L, Bellina F, Bellomo M, Belloni A, Beloborodova O, Belotskiy K, Beltramello O, Ben Ami S, Benary O, Benchekroun D, Benchouk C, Bendel M, Benekos N, Benhammou Y, Benhar Noccioli E, Benitez Garcia JA, Benjamin DP, Benoit M, Bensinger JR, Benslama K, Bentvelsen S, Berge D, Bergeaas Kuutmann E, Berger N, Berghaus F, Berglund E, Beringer J, Bernat P, Bernhard R, Bernius C, Berry T, Bertella C, Bertin A, Bertinelli F, Bertolucci F, Besana MI, Besson N, Bethke S, Bhimji W, Bianchi RM, Bianco M, Biebel O, Bieniek SP, Bierwagen K, Biesiada J, Biglietti M, Bilokon H, Bindi M, Binet S, Bingul A, Bini C, Biscarat C, Bitenc U, Black KM, Blair RE, Blanchard JB, Blanchot G, Blazek T, Blocker C, Blocki J, Blondel A, Blum W, Blumenschein U, Bobbink GJ, Bobrovnikov VB, Bocchetta SS, Bocci A, Boddy CR, Boehler M, Boek J, Boelaert N, Bogaerts JA, Bogdanchikov A, Bogouch A, Bohm C, Boisvert V, Bold T, Boldea V, Bolnet NM, Bona M, Bondarenko VG, Bondioli M, Boonekamp M, Booth CN, Bordoni S, Borer C, Borisov A, Borissov G, Borjanovic I, Borri M, Borroni S, Bortolotto V, Bos K, Boscherini D, Bosman M, Boterenbrood H, Botterill D, Bouchami J, Boudreau J, Bouhova-Thacker EV, Boumediene D, Bourdarios C, Bousson N, Boveia A, Boyd J, Boyko IR, Bozhko NI, Bozovic-Jelisavcic I, Bracinik J, Braem A, Branchini P, Brandenburg GW, Brandt A, Brandt G, Brandt O, Bratzler U, Brau B, Brau JE, Braun HM, Brelier B, Bremer J, Brenner R, Bressler S, Britton D, Brochu FM, Brock I, Brock R, Brodbeck TJ, Brodet E, Broggi F, Bromberg C, Bronner J, Brooijmans G, Brooks WK, Brown G, Brown H, Bruckman de Renstrom PA, Bruncko D, Bruneliere R, Brunet S, Bruni A, Bruni G, Bruschi M, Buanes T, Buat Q, Bucci F, Buchanan J, Buchanan NJ, et al. Search for heavy neutrinos and right-handed W bosons in events with two leptons and jets in pp collisions at [Formula: see text] with the ATLAS detector. Eur Phys J C Part Fields. 2012; 72(7):2056. PMID: 25814841.
    View in: PubMed
  47. Aad G, Abbott B, Abdallah J, Abdel Khalek S, Abdelalim AA, Abdesselam A, Abdinov O, Abi B, Abolins M, AbouZeid OS, Abramowicz H, Abreu H, Acerbi E, Acharya BS, Adamczyk L, Adams DL, Addy TN, Adelman J, Aderholz M, Adomeit S, Adragna P, Adye T, Aefsky S, Aguilar-Saavedra JA, Aharrouche M, Ahlen SP, Ahles F, Ahmad A, Ahsan M, Aielli G, Akdogan T, Åkesson TP, Akimoto G, Akimov AV, Akiyama A, Alam MS, Alam MA, Albert J, Albrand S, Aleksa M, Aleksandrov IN, Alessandria F, Alexa C, Alexander G, Alexandre G, Alexopoulos T, Alhroob M, Aliev M, Alimonti G, Alison J, Aliyev M, Allbrooke BM, Allport PP, Allwood-Spiers SE, Almond J, Aloisio A, Alon R, Alonso A, Alvarez Gonzalez B, Alviggi MG, Amako K, Amaral P, Amelung C, Ammosov VV, Amorim A, Amorós G, Amram N, Anastopoulos C, Ancu LS, Andari N, Andeen T, Anders CF, Anders G, Anderson KJ, Andreazza A, Andrei V, Andrieux ML, Anduaga XS, Angerami A, Anghinolfi F, Anisenkov A, Anjos N, Annovi A, Antonaki A, Antonelli M, Antonov A, Antos J, Anulli F, Aoun S, Aperio Bella L, Apolle R, Arabidze G, Aracena I, Arai Y, Arce AT, Arfaoui S, Arguin JF, Arik E, Arik M, Armbruster AJ, Arnaez O, Arnal V, Arnault C, Artamonov A, Artoni G, Arutinov D, Asai S, Asfandiyarov R, Ask S, Åsman B, Asquith L, Assamagan K, Astbury A, Aubert B, Auge E, Augsten K, Aurousseau M, Avolio G, Avramidou R, Axen D, Ay C, Azuelos G, Azuma Y, Baak MA, Baccaglioni G, Bacci C, Bach AM, Bachacou H, Bachas K, Backes M, Backhaus M, Badescu E, Bagnaia P, Bahinipati S, Bai Y, Bailey DC, Bain T, Baines JT, Baker OK, Baker MD, Baker S, Banas E, Banerjee P, Banerjee S, Banfi D, Bangert A, Bansal V, Bansil HS, Barak L, Baranov SP, Barashkou A, Barbaro Galtieri A, Barber T, Barberio EL, Barberis D, Barbero M, Bardin DY, Barillari T, Barisonzi M, Barklow T, Barlow N, Barnett BM, Barnett RM, Baroncelli A, Barone G, Barr AJ, Barreiro F, Barreiro Guimarães da Costa J, Barrillon P, Bartoldus R, Barton AE, Bartsch V, Bates RL, Batkova L, Batley JR, Battaglia A, Battistin M, Bauer F, Bawa HS, Beale S, Beau T, Beauchemin PH, Beccherle R, Bechtle P, Beck HP, Becker S, Beckingham M, Becks KH, Beddall AJ, Beddall A, Bedikian S, Bednyakov VA, Bee CP, Begel M, Behar Harpaz S, Behera PK, Beimforde M, Belanger-Champagne C, Bell PJ, Bell WH, Bella G, Bellagamba L, Bellina F, Bellomo M, Belloni A, Beloborodova O, Belotskiy K, Beltramello O, Benary O, Benchekroun D, Bendel M, Bendtz K, Benekos N, Benhammou Y, Benhar Noccioli E, Benitez Garcia JA, Benjamin DP, Benoit M, Bensinger JR, Benslama K, Bentvelsen S, Berge D, Bergeaas Kuutmann E, Berger N, Berghaus F, Berglund E, Beringer J, Bernat P, Bernhard R, Bernius C, Berry T, Bertella C, Bertin A, Bertinelli F, Bertolucci F, Besana MI, Besson N, Bethke S, Bhimji W, Bianchi RM, Bianco M, Biebel O, Bieniek SP, Bierwagen K, Biesiada J, Biglietti M, Bilokon H, Bindi M, Binet S, Bingul A, Bini C, Biscarat C, Bitenc U, Black KM, Blair RE, Blanchard JB, Blanchot G, Blazek T, Blocker C, Blocki J, Blondel A, Blum W, Blumenschein U, Bobbink GJ, Bobrovnikov VB, Bocchetta SS, Bocci A, Boddy CR, Boehler M, Boek J, Boelaert N, Bogaerts JA, Bogdanchikov A, Bogouch A, Bohm C, Bohm J, Boisvert V, Bold T, Boldea V, Bolnet NM, Bomben M, Bona M, Bondarenko VG, Bondioli M, Boonekamp M, Booth CN, Bordoni S, Borer C, Borisov A, Borissov G, Borjanovic I, Borri M, Borroni S, Bortolotto V, Bos K, Boscherini D, Bosman M, Boterenbrood H, Botterill D, Bouchami J, Boudreau J, Bouhova-Thacker EV, Boumediene D, Bourdarios C, Bousson N, Boveia A, Boyd J, Boyko IR, Bozhko NI, Bozovic-Jelisavcic I, Bracinik J, Braem A, Branchini P, Brandenburg GW, Brandt A, Brandt G, Brandt O, Bratzler U, Brau B, Brau JE, Braun HM, Brelier B, Bremer J, Brendlinger K, Brenner R, Bressler S, Britton D, Brochu FM, Brock I, Brock R, Brodbeck TJ, Brodet E, Broggi F, Bromberg C, Bronner J, Brooijmans G, Brooks WK, Brown G, Brown H, Bruckman de Renstrom PA, Bruncko D, Bruneliere R, Brunet S, Bruni A, Bruni G, Bruschi M, Buanes T, Buat Q, Bucci F, et al. Measurement of t polarization in W?t? decays with the ATLAS detector in pp collisions at [Formula: see text]. Eur Phys J C Part Fields. 2012; 72(7):2062. PMID: 25814842.
    View in: PubMed
  48. Ebbeling CB, Swain JF, Feldman HA, Wong WW, Hachey DL, Garcia-Lago E, Ludwig DS. Effects of dietary composition on energy expenditure during weight-loss maintenance. JAMA. 2012 Jun 27; 307(24):2627-34. PMID: 22735432; PMCID: PMC3564212.
    View in: PubMed, PubMed Central
  49. Aad G, Abbott B, Abdallah J, Abdelalim AA, Abdesselam A, Abdinov O, Abi B, Abolins M, AbouZeid OS, Abramowicz H, Abreu H, Acerbi E, Acharya BS, Adamczyk L, Adams DL, Addy TN, Adelman J, Aderholz M, Adomeit S, Adragna P, Adye T, Aefsky S, Aguilar-Saavedra JA, Aharrouche M, Ahlen SP, Ahles F, Ahmad A, Ahsan M, Aielli G, Akdogan T, Åkesson TP, Akimoto G, Akimov AV, Akiyama A, Alam MS, Alam MA, Albert J, Albrand S, Aleksa M, Aleksandrov IN, Alessandria F, Alexa C, Alexander G, Alexandre G, Alexopoulos T, Alhroob M, Aliev M, Alimonti G, Alison J, Aliyev M, Allbrooke BM, Allport PP, Allwood-Spiers SE, Almond J, Aloisio A, Alon R, Alonso A, Alvarez Gonzalez B, Alviggi MG, Amako K, Amaral P, Amelung C, Ammosov VV, Amorim A, Amorós G, Amram N, Anastopoulos C, Ancu LS, Andari N, Andeen T, Anders CF, Anders G, Anderson KJ, Andreazza A, Andrei V, Andrieux ML, Anduaga XS, Angerami A, Anghinolfi F, Anisenkov A, Anjos N, Annovi A, Antonaki A, Antonelli M, Antonov A, Antos J, Anulli F, Aoun S, Aperio Bella L, Apolle R, Arabidze G, Aracena I, Arai Y, Arce AT, Arfaoui S, Arguin JF, Arik E, Arik M, Armbruster AJ, Arnaez O, Arnault C, Artamonov A, Artoni G, Arutinov D, Asai S, Asfandiyarov R, Ask S, Åsman B, Asquith L, Assamagan K, Astbury A, Astvatsatourov A, Aubert B, Auge E, Augsten K, Aurousseau M, Avolio G, Avramidou R, Axen D, Ay C, Azuelos G, Azuma Y, Baak MA, Baccaglioni G, Bacci C, Bach AM, Bachacou H, Bachas K, Backes M, Backhaus M, Badescu E, Bagnaia P, Bahinipati S, Bai Y, Bailey DC, Bain T, Baines JT, Baker OK, Baker MD, Baker S, Banas E, Banerjee P, Banerjee S, Banfi D, Bangert A, Bansal V, Bansil HS, Barak L, Baranov SP, Barashkou A, Barbaro Galtieri A, Barber T, Barberio EL, Barberis D, Barbero M, Bardin DY, Barillari T, Barisonzi M, Barklow T, Barlow N, Barnett BM, Barnett RM, Baroncelli A, Barone G, Barr AJ, Barreiro F, Barreiro Guimarães da Costa J, Barrillon P, Bartoldus R, Barton AE, Bartsch V, Bates RL, Batkova L, Batley JR, Battaglia A, Battistin M, Bauer F, Bawa HS, Beale S, Beare B, Beau T, Beauchemin PH, Beccherle R, Bechtle P, Beck HP, Becker S, Beckingham M, Becks KH, Beddall AJ, Beddall A, Bedikian S, Bednyakov VA, Bee CP, Begel M, Behar Harpaz S, Behera PK, Beimforde M, Belanger-Champagne C, Bell PJ, Bell WH, Bella G, Bellagamba L, Bellina F, Bellomo M, Belloni A, Beloborodova O, Belotskiy K, Beltramello O, Ben Ami S, Benary O, Benchekroun D, Benchouk C, Bendel M, Benekos N, Benhammou Y, Benhar Noccioli E, Benitez Garcia JA, Benjamin DP, Benoit M, Bensinger JR, Benslama K, Bentvelsen S, Berge D, Bergeaas Kuutmann E, Berger N, Berghaus F, Berglund E, Beringer J, Bernat P, Bernhard R, Bernius C, Berry T, Bertella C, Bertin A, Bertinelli F, Bertolucci F, Besana MI, Besson N, Bethke S, Bhimji W, Bianchi RM, Bianco M, Biebel O, Bieniek SP, Bierwagen K, Biesiada J, Biglietti M, Bilokon H, Bindi M, Binet S, Bingul A, Bini C, Biscarat C, Bitenc U, Black KM, Blair RE, Blanchard JB, Blanchot G, Blazek T, Blocker C, Blocki J, Blondel A, Blum W, Blumenschein U, Bobbink GJ, Bobrovnikov VB, Bocchetta SS, Bocci A, Boddy CR, Boehler M, Boek J, Boelaert N, Bogaerts JA, Bogdanchikov A, Bogouch A, Bohm C, Boisvert V, Bold T, Boldea V, Bolnet NM, Bona M, Bondarenko VG, Bondioli M, Boonekamp M, Booth CN, Bordoni S, Borer C, Borisov A, Borissov G, Borjanovic I, Borri M, Borroni S, Bortolotto V, Bos K, Boscherini D, Bosman M, Boterenbrood H, Botterill D, Bouchami J, Boudreau J, Bouhova-Thacker EV, Boumediene D, Bourdarios C, Bousson N, Boveia A, Boyd J, Boyko IR, Bozhko NI, Bozovic-Jelisavcic I, Bracinik J, Braem A, Branchini P, Brandenburg GW, Brandt A, Brandt G, Brandt O, Bratzler U, Brau B, Brau JE, Braun HM, Brelier B, Bremer J, Brenner R, Bressler S, Breton D, Britton D, Brochu FM, Brock I, Brock R, Brodbeck TJ, Brodet E, Broggi F, Bromberg C, Bronner J, Brooijmans G, Brooks WK, Brown G, Brown H, Bruckman de Renstrom PA, Bruncko D, Bruneliere R, Brunet S, Bruni A, Bruni G, Bruschi M, Buanes T, Buat Q, Bucci F, Buchanan J, et al. Measurement of the top quark mass with the template method in the [Formula: see text] channel using ATLAS data. Eur Phys J C Part Fields. 2012; 72(6):2046. PMID: 25814840.
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  50. Aad G, Abbott B, Abdallah J, Abdel Khalek S, Abdelalim AA, Abdesselam A, Abdinov O, Abi B, Abolins M, AbouZeid OS, Abramowicz H, Abreu H, Acerbi E, Acharya BS, Adamczyk L, Adams DL, Addy TN, Adelman J, Aderholz M, Adomeit S, Adragna P, Adye T, Aefsky S, Aguilar-Saavedra JA, Aharrouche M, Ahlen SP, Ahles F, Ahmad A, Ahsan M, Aielli G, Akdogan T, Åkesson TP, Akimoto G, Akimov AV, Akiyama A, Alam MS, Alam MA, Albert J, Albrand S, Aleksa M, Aleksandrov IN, Alessandria F, Alexa C, Alexander G, Alexandre G, Alexopoulos T, Alhroob M, Aliev M, Alimonti G, Alison J, Aliyev M, Allbrooke BM, Allport PP, Allwood-Spiers SE, Almond J, Aloisio A, Alon R, Alonso A, Alvarez Gonzalez B, Alviggi MG, Amako K, Amaral P, Amelung C, Ammosov VV, Amorim A, Amorós G, Amram N, Anastopoulos C, Ancu LS, Andari N, Andeen T, Anders CF, Anders G, Anderson KJ, Andreazza A, Andrei V, Andrieux ML, Anduaga XS, Angerami A, Anghinolfi F, Anisenkov A, Anjos N, Annovi A, Antonaki A, Antonelli M, Antonov A, Antos J, Anulli F, Aoun S, Aperio Bella L, Apolle R, Arabidze G, Aracena I, Arai Y, Arce AT, Arfaoui S, Arguin JF, Arik E, Arik M, Armbruster AJ, Arnaez O, Arnal V, Arnault C, Artamonov A, Artoni G, Arutinov D, Asai S, Asfandiyarov R, Ask S, Åsman B, Asquith L, Assamagan K, Astbury A, Aubert B, Auge E, Augsten K, Aurousseau M, Avolio G, Avramidou R, Axen D, Ay C, Azuelos G, Azuma Y, Baak MA, Baccaglioni G, Bacci C, Bach AM, Bachacou H, Bachas K, Backes M, Backhaus M, Badescu E, Bagnaia P, Bahinipati S, Bai Y, Bailey DC, Bain T, Baines JT, Baker OK, Baker MD, Baker S, Banas E, Banerjee P, Banerjee S, Banfi D, Bangert A, Bansal V, Bansil HS, Barak L, Baranov SP, Barashkou A, Barbaro Galtieri A, Barber T, Barberio EL, Barberis D, Barbero M, Bardin DY, Barillari T, Barisonzi M, Barklow T, Barlow N, Barnett BM, Barnett RM, Baroncelli A, Barone G, Barr AJ, Barreiro F, Barreiro Guimarães da Costa J, Barrillon P, Bartoldus R, Barton AE, Bartsch V, Bates RL, Batkova L, Batley JR, Battaglia A, Battistin M, Bauer F, Bawa HS, Beale S, Beau T, Beauchemin PH, Beccherle R, Bechtle P, Beck HP, Becker S, Beckingham M, Becks KH, Beddall AJ, Beddall A, Bedikian S, Bednyakov VA, Bee CP, Begel M, Behar Harpaz S, Behera PK, Beimforde M, Belanger-Champagne C, Bell PJ, Bell WH, Bella G, Bellagamba L, Bellina F, Bellomo M, Belloni A, Beloborodova O, Belotskiy K, Beltramello O, Benary O, Benchekroun D, Bendel M, Bendtz K, Benekos N, Benhammou Y, Benhar Noccioli E, Benitez Garcia JA, Benjamin DP, Benoit M, Bensinger JR, Benslama K, Bentvelsen S, Berge D, Bergeaas Kuutmann E, Berger N, Berghaus F, Berglund E, Beringer J, Bernat P, Bernhard R, Bernius C, Berry T, Bertella C, Bertin A, Bertinelli F, Bertolucci F, Besana MI, Besson N, Bethke S, Bhimji W, Bianchi RM, Bianco M, Biebel O, Bieniek SP, Bierwagen K, Biesiada J, Biglietti M, Bilokon H, Bindi M, Binet S, Bingul A, Bini C, Biscarat C, Bitenc U, Black KM, Blair RE, Blanchard JB, Blanchot G, Blazek T, Blocker C, Blocki J, Blondel A, Blum W, Blumenschein U, Bobbink GJ, Bobrovnikov VB, Bocchetta SS, Bocci A, Boddy CR, Boehler M, Boek J, Boelaert N, Bogaerts JA, Bogdanchikov A, Bogouch A, Bohm C, Bohm J, Boisvert V, Bold T, Boldea V, Bolnet NM, Bomben M, Bona M, Bondarenko VG, Bondioli M, Boonekamp M, Booth CN, Bordoni S, Borer C, Borisov A, Borissov G, Borjanovic I, Borri M, Borroni S, Bortolotto V, Bos K, Boscherini D, Bosman M, Boterenbrood H, Botterill D, Bouchami J, Boudreau J, Bouhova-Thacker EV, Boumediene D, Bourdarios C, Bousson N, Boveia A, Boyd J, Boyko IR, Bozhko NI, Bozovic-Jelisavcic I, Bracinik J, Braem A, Branchini P, Brandenburg GW, Brandt A, Brandt G, Brandt O, Bratzler U, Brau B, Brau JE, Braun HM, Brelier B, Bremer J, Brendlinger K, Brenner R, Bressler S, Britton D, Brochu FM, Brock I, Brock R, Brodbeck TJ, Brodet E, Broggi F, Bromberg C, Bronner J, Brooijmans G, Brooks WK, Brown G, Brown H, Bruckman de Renstrom PA, Bruncko D, Bruneliere R, Brunet S, Bruni A, Bruni G, Bruschi M, Buanes T, Buat Q, Bucci F, et al. Measurement of [Formula: see text] production with a veto on additional central jet activity in pp collisions at [Formula: see text] TeV using the ATLAS detector. Eur Phys J C Part Fields. 2012; 72(6):2043. PMID: 25814839.
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  51. Aad G, Abbott B, Abdallah J, Abdelalim AA, Abdesselam A, Abdinov O, Abi B, Abolins M, AbouZeid OS, Abramowicz H, Abreu H, Acerbi E, Acharya BS, Adamczyk L, Adams DL, Addy TN, Adelman J, Aderholz M, Adomeit S, Adragna P, Adye T, Aefsky S, Aguilar-Saavedra JA, Aharrouche M, Ahlen SP, Ahles F, Ahmad A, Ahsan M, Aielli G, Akdogan T, Åkesson TP, Akimoto G, Akimov AV, Akiyama A, Alam MS, Alam MA, Albert J, Albrand S, Aleksa M, Aleksandrov IN, Alessandria F, Alexa C, Alexander G, Alexandre G, Alexopoulos T, Alhroob M, Aliev M, Alimonti G, Alison J, Aliyev M, Allport PP, Allwood-Spiers SE, Almond J, Aloisio A, Alon R, Alonso A, Alvarez Gonzalez B, Alviggi MG, Amako K, Amaral P, Amelung C, Ammosov VV, Amorim A, Amorós G, Amram N, Anastopoulos C, Ancu LS, Andari N, Andeen T, Anders CF, Anders G, Anderson KJ, Andreazza A, Andrei V, Andrieux ML, Anduaga XS, Angerami A, Anghinolfi F, Anisenkov A, Anjos N, Annovi A, Antonaki A, Antonelli M, Antonov A, Antos J, Anulli F, Aoun S, Aperio Bella L, Apolle R, Arabidze G, Aracena I, Arai Y, Arce AT, Archambault JP, Arfaoui S, Arguin JF, Arik E, Arik M, Armbruster AJ, Arnaez O, Arnault C, Artamonov A, Artoni G, Arutinov D, Asai S, Asfandiyarov R, Ask S, Åsman B, Asquith L, Assamagan K, Astbury A, Astvatsatourov A, Aubert B, Auge E, Augsten K, Aurousseau M, Avolio G, Avramidou R, Axen D, Ay C, Azuelos G, Azuma Y, Baak MA, Baccaglioni G, Bacci C, Bach AM, Bachacou H, Bachas K, Bachy G, Backes M, Backhaus M, Badescu E, Bagnaia P, Bahinipati S, Bai Y, Bailey DC, Bain T, Baines JT, Baker OK, Baker MD, Baker S, Banas E, Banerjee P, Banerjee S, Banfi D, Bangert A, Bansal V, Bansil HS, Barak L, Baranov SP, Barashkou A, Barbaro Galtieri A, Barber T, Barberio EL, Barberis D, Barbero M, Bardin DY, Barillari T, Barisonzi M, Barklow T, Barlow N, Barnett BM, Barnett RM, Baroncelli A, Barone G, Barr AJ, Barreiro F, Barreiro Guimarães da Costa J, Barrillon P, Bartoldus R, Barton AE, Bartsch V, Bates RL, Batkova L, Batley JR, Battaglia A, Battistin M, Bauer F, Bawa HS, Beale S, Beare B, Beau T, Beauchemin PH, Beccherle R, Bechtle P, Beck HP, Becker S, Beckingham M, Becks KH, Beddall AJ, Beddall A, Bedikian S, Bednyakov VA, Bee CP, Begel M, Behar Harpaz S, Behera PK, Beimforde M, Belanger-Champagne C, Bell PJ, Bell WH, Bella G, Bellagamba L, Bellina F, Bellomo M, Belloni A, Beloborodova O, Belotskiy K, Beltramello O, Ben Ami S, Benary O, Benchekroun D, Benchouk C, Bendel M, Benekos N, Benhammou Y, Benhar Noccioli E, Benitez Garcia JA, Benjamin DP, Benoit M, Bensinger JR, Benslama K, Bentvelsen S, Berge D, Bergeaas Kuutmann E, Berger N, Berghaus F, Berglund E, Beringer J, Bernat P, Bernhard R, Bernius C, Berry T, Bertella C, Bertin A, Bertinelli F, Bertolucci F, Besana MI, Besson N, Bethke S, Bhimji W, Bianchi RM, Bianco M, Biebel O, Bieniek SP, Bierwagen K, Biesiada J, Biglietti M, Bilokon H, Bindi M, Binet S, Bingul A, Bini C, Biscarat C, Bitenc U, Black KM, Blair RE, Blanchard JB, Blanchot G, Blazek T, Blocker C, Blocki J, Blondel A, Blum W, Blumenschein U, Bobbink GJ, Bobrovnikov VB, Bocchetta SS, Bocci A, Boddy CR, Boehler M, Boek J, Boelaert N, Böser S, Bogaerts JA, Bogdanchikov A, Bogouch A, Bohm C, Boisvert V, Bold T, Boldea V, Bolnet NM, Bona M, Bondarenko VG, Bondioli M, Boonekamp M, Boorman G, Booth CN, Bordoni S, Borer C, Borisov A, Borissov G, Borjanovic I, Borri M, Borroni S, Bos K, Boscherini D, Bosman M, Boterenbrood H, Botterill D, Bouchami J, Boudreau J, Bouhova-Thacker EV, Boumediene D, Bourdarios C, Bousson N, Boveia A, Boyd J, Boyko IR, Bozhko NI, Bozovic-Jelisavcic I, Bracinik J, Braem A, Branchini P, Brandenburg GW, Brandt A, Brandt G, Brandt O, Bratzler U, Brau B, Brau JE, Braun HM, Brelier B, Bremer J, Brenner R, Bressler S, Breton D, Britton D, Brochu FM, Brock I, Brock R, Brodbeck TJ, Brodet E, Broggi F, Bromberg C, Bronner J, Brooijmans G, Brooks WK, Brown G, Brown H, Bruckman de Renstrom PA, Bruncko D, Bruneliere R, Brunet S, Bruni A, Bruni G, Bruschi M, Buanes T, Buat Q, et al. Measurement of the charge asymmetry in top quark pair production in pp collisions at [Formula: see text] using the ATLAS detector. Eur Phys J C Part Fields. 2012; 72(6):2039. PMID: 25814837.
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  52. Rhodes ET, Prosser LA, Hoerger TJ, Lieu T, Ludwig DS, Laffel LM. Estimated morbidity and mortality in adolescents and young adults diagnosed with Type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diabet Med. 2012 Apr; 29(4):453-63. PMID: 22150528.
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  53. Rhodes ET, Goran MI, Lieu TA, Lustig RH, Prosser LA, Songer TJ, Weigensberg MJ, Weinstock RS, Gonzalez T, Rawluk K, Zoghbi RM, Ludwig DS, Laffel LM. Health-related quality of life in adolescents with or at risk for type 2 diabetes mellitus. J Pediatr. 2012 Jun; 160(6):911-7. PMID: 22217471; PMCID: PMC4793715.
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  54. Ludwig DS. Weight loss strategies for adolescents: a 14-year-old struggling to lose weight. JAMA. 2012 Feb 01; 307(5):498-508. PMID: 22215761.
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  55. Ludwig DS. Ask the doctor. More and more nutrition advice seems to be anti-sugar these days. So are artificial sweetners a good alternative? Harv Health Lett. 2011 Dec; 37(2):1. PMID: 27024303.
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  56. Fabricatore AN, Ebbeling CB, Wadden TA, Ludwig DS. Continuous glucose monitoring to assess the ecologic validity of dietary glycemic index and glycemic load. Am J Clin Nutr. 2011 Dec; 94(6):1519-24. PMID: 22071699; PMCID: PMC3252549.
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  57. Mekary RA, Rimm EB, Giovannucci E, Stampfer MJ, Willett WC, Ludwig DS, Hu FB. Joint association of glycemic load and alcohol intake with type 2 diabetes incidence in women. Am J Clin Nutr. 2011 Dec; 94(6):1525-32. PMID: 22049168; PMCID: PMC3252550.
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  58. Willett WC, Ludwig DS. The 2010 Dietary Guidelines--the best recipe for health? N Engl J Med. 2011 Oct 27; 365(17):1563-5. PMID: 22029977.
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  59. Brownell KD, Ludwig DS. The Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program, soda, and USDA policy: who benefits? JAMA. 2011 Sep 28; 306(12):1370-1. PMID: 21954481.
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  60. Walsh CO, Ziniel SI, Delichatsios HK, Ludwig DS. Nutrition attitudes and knowledge in medical students after completion of an integrated nutrition curriculum compared to a dedicated nutrition curriculum: a quasi-experimental study. BMC Med Educ. 2011 Aug 12; 11:58. PMID: 21835040; PMCID: PMC3173384.
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  61. Ludwig DS. Conversation with a Harvard expert. Dr. David S. Ludwig is a nutrition and obesity researcher at Harvard-affiliated Children's Hospital Boston. His research has focused on the harmful health effects of high-glycemic load foods. He is author of "Ending the Food Fight," a book about children's nutrition and weight. Harv Health Lett. 2011 Aug; 36(10):3. PMID: 27024201.
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  62. Murtagh L, Ludwig DS. State intervention in life-threatening childhood obesity. JAMA. 2011 Jul 13; 306(2):206-7. PMID: 21750301.
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  63. Rhodes ET, Prosser LA, Lieu TA, Songer TJ, Ludwig DS, Laffel LM. Preferences for type 2 diabetes health states among adolescents with or at risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Pediatr Diabetes. 2011 Dec; 12(8):724-32. PMID: 21489091; PMCID: PMC4793716.
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  64. Ludwig DS. Technology, diet, and the burden of chronic disease. JAMA. 2011 Apr 06; 305(13):1352-3. PMID: 21467290.
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  65. Mirza NM, Klein CJ, Palmer MG, McCarter R, He J, Ebbeling CB, Ludwig DS, Yanovski JA. Effects of high and low glycemic load meals on energy intake, satiety and hunger in obese Hispanic-American youth. Int J Pediatr Obes. 2011 Jun; 6(2-2):e523-31. PMID: 21309658; PMCID: PMC3128645.
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  66. Fabricatore AN, Wadden TA, Ebbeling CB, Thomas JG, Stallings VA, Schwartz S, Ludwig DS. Targeting dietary fat or glycemic load in the treatment of obesity and type 2 diabetes: a randomized controlled trial. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2011 Apr; 92(1):37-45. PMID: 21208675; PMCID: PMC3079199.
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  67. Ludwig DS, Ebbeling CB. Weight-loss maintenance--mind over matter? N Engl J Med. 2010 Nov 25; 363(22):2159-61. PMID: 21105799.
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  68. Ebbeling CB, Ludwig DS. Pediatric obesity prevention initiatives: more questions than answers. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2010 Nov; 164(11):1067-9. PMID: 21041601.
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  69. Rhodes ET, Pawlak DB, Takoudes TC, Ebbeling CB, Feldman HA, Lovesky MM, Cooke EA, Leidig MM, Ludwig DS. Effects of a low-glycemic load diet in overweight and obese pregnant women: a pilot randomized controlled trial. Am J Clin Nutr. 2010 Dec; 92(6):1306-15. PMID: 20962162; PMCID: PMC2980957.
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  70. Mozaffarian D, Ludwig DS. Dietary guidelines in the 21st century--a time for food. JAMA. 2010 Aug 11; 304(6):681-2. PMID: 20699461.
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  71. Ludwig DS, Currie J. The association between pregnancy weight gain and birthweight: a within-family comparison. Lancet. 2010 Sep 18; 376(9745):984-90. PMID: 20691469; PMCID: PMC2974327.
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  72. Delgado-Borrego A, Healey D, Negre B, Christofi M, Sabharwal S, Ludwig DA, Chung RT, Jonas MM. Influence of body mass index on outcome of pediatric chronic hepatitis C virus infection. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2010 Aug; 51(2):191-7. PMID: 20531022; PMCID: PMC2910782.
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  73. Lichtenstein AH, Ludwig DS. Bring back home economics education. JAMA. 2010 May 12; 303(18):1857-8. PMID: 20460625.
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  74. Brownell KD, Kersh R, Ludwig DS, Post RC, Puhl RM, Schwartz MB, Willett WC. Personal responsibility and obesity: a constructive approach to a controversial issue. Health Aff (Millwood). 2010 Mar-Apr; 29(3):379-87. PMID: 20194976.
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  75. Nestle M, Ludwig DS. Front-of-package food labels: public health or propaganda? JAMA. 2010 Feb 24; 303(8):771-2. PMID: 20179287.
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  76. Wolff MS, Rhodes ET, Ludwig DS. Training in childhood obesity management in the United States: a survey of pediatric, internal medicine-pediatrics and family medicine residency program directors. BMC Med Educ. 2010 Feb 17; 10:18. PMID: 20163732; PMCID: PMC2839969.
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  77. Katan MB, Ludwig DS. Extra calories cause weight gain--but how much? JAMA. 2010 Jan 06; 303(1):65-6. PMID: 20051571.
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  78. Ludwig DS. Artificially sweetened beverages: cause for concern. JAMA. 2009 Dec 09; 302(22):2477-8. PMID: 19996404.
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  79. Brownell KD, Farley T, Willett WC, Popkin BM, Chaloupka FJ, Thompson JW, Ludwig DS. The public health and economic benefits of taxing sugar-sweetened beverages. N Engl J Med. 2009 Oct 15; 361(16):1599-605. PMID: 19759377; PMCID: PMC3140416.
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  80. Ludwig DS, Brownell KD. Public health action amid scientific uncertainty: the case of restaurant calorie labeling regulations. JAMA. 2009 Jul 22; 302(4):434-5. PMID: 19622824.
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  81. Botero D, Ebbeling CB, Blumberg JB, Ribaya-Mercado JD, Creager MA, Swain JF, Feldman HA, Ludwig DS. Acute effects of dietary glycemic index on antioxidant capacity in a nutrient-controlled feeding study. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2009 Sep; 17(9):1664-70. PMID: 19543205; PMCID: PMC2752149.
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  82. Ebbeling CB, Ludwig DS. Nutritively sweetened beverages and obesity. JAMA. 2009 Jun 03; 301(21):2209-10; author reply 2210-1. PMID: 19491179.
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  83. Rhodes ET, Ludwig DS. Obesity: Guiding the management of pediatric obesity. Nat Rev Endocrinol. 2009 May; 5(5):247-9. PMID: 19444255.
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  84. Wang YC, Ludwig DS, Sonneville K, Gortmaker SL. Impact of change in sweetened caloric beverage consumption on energy intake among children and adolescents. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2009 Apr; 163(4):336-43. PMID: 19349562.
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  85. Ludwig DS, Pollack HA. Obesity and the economy: from crisis to opportunity. JAMA. 2009 Feb 04; 301(5):533-5. PMID: 19190318.
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  86. Bernstein AS, Ludwig DS. The importance of biodiversity to medicine. JAMA. 2008 Nov 19; 300(19):2297-9. PMID: 19017916.
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  87. Ludwig DS, Nestle M. Can the food industry play a constructive role in the obesity epidemic? JAMA. 2008 Oct 15; 300(15):1808-11. PMID: 18854543.
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  88. de Ferranti S, Ludwig DS. Storm over statins--the controversy surrounding pharmacologic treatment of children. N Engl J Med. 2008 Sep 25; 359(13):1309-12. PMID: 18815394.
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  89. Ludwig DS, Kabat-Zinn J. Mindfulness in medicine. JAMA. 2008 Sep 17; 300(11):1350-2. PMID: 18799450.
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  90. Scribner KB, Pawlak DB, Aubin CM, Majzoub JA, Ludwig DS. Long-term effects of dietary glycemic index on adiposity, energy metabolism, and physical activity in mice. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2008 Nov; 295(5):E1126-31. PMID: 18780772; PMCID: PMC2584816.
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  91. Albala C, Ebbeling CB, Cifuentes M, Lera L, Bustos N, Ludwig DS. Effects of replacing the habitual consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages with milk in Chilean children. Am J Clin Nutr. 2008 Sep; 88(3):605-11. PMID: 18779274; PMCID: PMC2583441.
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  92. Mulkern RV, Salsberg SL, Krauel MR, Ludwig DS, Voss S. A paradoxical signal intensity increase in fatty livers using opposed-phase gradient echo imaging with fat-suppression pulses. Pediatr Radiol. 2008 Oct; 38(10):1099-104. PMID: 18677467.
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  93. Ebbeling CB, Ludwig DS. Tracking pediatric obesity: an index of uncertainty? JAMA. 2008 May 28; 299(20):2442-3. PMID: 18505955.
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  94. Chaput JP, Tremblay A, Rimm EB, Bouchard C, Ludwig DS. A novel interaction between dietary composition and insulin secretion: effects on weight gain in the Quebec Family Study. Am J Clin Nutr. 2008 Feb; 87(2):303-9. PMID: 18258618.
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  95. Ludwig DS, Ebbeling CB. Weighing the data in studies of the glycaemic index. Int J Obes (Lond). 2008 Jul; 32(7):1190. PMID: 18071339.
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  96. Ludwig DS. Childhood obesity--the shape of things to come. N Engl J Med. 2007 Dec 06; 357(23):2325-7. PMID: 18057334.
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  97. Spear BA, Barlow SE, Ervin C, Ludwig DS, Saelens BE, Schetzina KE, Taveras EM. Recommendations for treatment of child and adolescent overweight and obesity. Pediatrics. 2007 Dec; 120 Suppl 4:S254-88. PMID: 18055654.
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  98. Rhodes ET, Ludwig DS. Childhood obesity as a chronic disease: keeping the weight off. JAMA. 2007 Oct 10; 298(14):1695-6. PMID: 17925525.
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  99. Scribner KB, Pawlak DB, Ludwig DS. Hepatic steatosis and increased adiposity in mice consuming rapidly vs. slowly absorbed carbohydrate. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2007 Sep; 15(9):2190-9. PMID: 17890486.
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  100. Rhodes ET, Ebbeling CB, Meyers AF, Bayerl CT, Ooi WL, Bettencourt MF, Ludwig DS. Pediatric obesity management: variation by specialty and awareness of guidelines. Clin Pediatr (Phila). 2007 Jul; 46(6):491-504. PMID: 17579101.
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  101. Ebbeling CB, Leidig MM, Feldman HA, Lovesky MM, Ludwig DS. Effects of a low-glycemic load vs low-fat diet in obese young adults: a randomized trial. JAMA. 2007 May 16; 297(19):2092-102. PMID: 17507345.
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  102. Ebbeling CB, Garcia-Lago E, Leidig MM, Seger-Shippee LG, Feldman HA, Ludwig DS. Altering portion sizes and eating rate to attenuate gorging during a fast food meal: effects on energy intake. Pediatrics. 2007 May; 119(5):869-75. PMID: 17473086.
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  103. Salsberg SL, Ludwig DS. Putting your genes on a diet: the molecular effects of carbohydrate. Am J Clin Nutr. 2007 May; 85(5):1169-70. PMID: 17490950.
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  104. Eddy KT, Tanofsky-Kraff M, Thompson-Brenner H, Herzog DB, Brown TA, Ludwig DS. Eating disorder pathology among overweight treatment-seeking youth: clinical correlates and cross-sectional risk modeling. Behav Res Ther. 2007 Oct; 45(10):2360-71. PMID: 17509523.
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  105. Ludwig DS. Clinical update: the low-glycaemic-index diet. Lancet. 2007 Mar 17; 369(9565):890-2. PMID: 17368136.
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  106. Lesser LI, Ebbeling CB, Goozner M, Wypij D, Ludwig DS. Relationship between funding source and conclusion among nutrition-related scientific articles. PLoS Med. 2007 Jan; 4(1):e5. PMID: 17214504; PMCID: PMC1764435.
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  107. Rhodes ET, Laffel LM, Gonzalez TV, Ludwig DS. Accuracy of administrative coding for type 2 diabetes in children, adolescents, and young adults. Diabetes Care. 2007 Jan; 30(1):141-3. PMID: 17192348.
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  108. de Ferranti SD, Gauvreau K, Ludwig DS, Newburger JW, Rifai N. Inflammation and changes in metabolic syndrome abnormalities in US adolescents: findings from the 1988-1994 and 1999-2000 National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys. Clin Chem. 2006 Jul; 52(7):1325-30. PMID: 16675506.
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  109. Wiecha JL, Peterson KE, Ludwig DS, Kim J, Sobol A, Gortmaker SL. When children eat what they watch: impact of television viewing on dietary intake in youth. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2006 Apr; 160(4):436-42. PMID: 16585491.
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  110. Ebbeling CB, Feldman HA, Osganian SK, Chomitz VR, Ellenbogen SJ, Ludwig DS. Effects of decreasing sugar-sweetened beverage consumption on body weight in adolescents: a randomized, controlled pilot study. Pediatrics. 2006 Mar; 117(3):673-80. PMID: 16510646.
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  111. Rhodes ET, Finkelstein JA, Marshall R, Allen C, Gillman MW, Ludwig DS. Screening for type 2 diabetes mellitus in children and adolescents: attitudes, barriers, and practices among pediatric clinicians. Ambul Pediatr. 2006 Mar-Apr; 6(2):110-4. PMID: 16530149.
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  112. Ludwig DS, Roberts SB. Influence of glycemic index/load on glycemic response, appetite, and food intake in healthy humans. Diabetes Care. 2006 Feb; 29(2):474; author reply 475-6. PMID: 16482693.
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  113. Ludwig DS, Ebbeling CB. Overweight children and adolescents. N Engl J Med. 2005 Sep 08; 353(10):1070-1; author reply 1070-1. PMID: 16148299.
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  114. Biddinger SB, Ludwig DS. The insulin-like growth factor axis: a potential link between glycemic index and cancer. Am J Clin Nutr. 2005 Aug; 82(2):277-8. PMID: 16087968.
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  115. Rhodes ET, Wolfsdorf JI, Cuthbertson DD, Feldman HA, Ludwig DS. Effect of low-dose insulin treatment on body weight and physical development in children and adolescents at risk for type 1 diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2005 Aug; 28(8):1948-53. PMID: 16043737.
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  116. Olshansky SJ, Carnes BA, Hershow R, Passaro D, Layden J, Brody J, Hayflick L, Butler RN, Allison DB, Ludwig DS. Misdirection on the road to Shangri-La. Sci Aging Knowledge Environ. 2005 Jul 13; 2005(28):pe15. PMID: 16014974.
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  117. Olshansky SJ, Carnes BA, Hershow R, Passaro D, Layden J, Brody J, Hayflick L, Butler RN, Ludwig DS. Misdirection on the road to Shangri-La. Sci Aging Knowledge Environ. 2005 Jun 01; 2005(22):pe15. PMID: 15930369.
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  118. Ebbeling CB, Leidig MM, Sinclair KB, Seger-Shippee LG, Feldman HA, Ludwig DS. Effects of an ad libitum low-glycemic load diet on cardiovascular disease risk factors in obese young adults. Am J Clin Nutr. 2005 May; 81(5):976-82. PMID: 15883418.
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  119. Olshansky SJ, Passaro DJ, Hershow RC, Layden J, Brody J, Carnes BA, Hayflick L, Butler RN, Allison DB, Ludwig DS. Peering into the future of American longevity. Discov Med. 2005 Apr; 5(26):130-4. PMID: 20704898.
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  120. Olshansky SJ, Passaro DJ, Hershow RC, Layden J, Carnes BA, Brody J, Hayflick L, Butler RN, Allison DB, Ludwig DS. A potential decline in life expectancy in the United States in the 21st century. N Engl J Med. 2005 Mar 17; 352(11):1138-45. PMID: 15784668.
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  121. Apovian CM, Baker C, Ludwig DS, Hoppin AG, Hsu G, Lenders C, Pratt JS, Forse RA, O'brien A, Tarnoff M. Best practice guidelines in pediatric/adolescent weight loss surgery. Obes Res. 2005 Feb; 13(2):274-82. PMID: 15800284.
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  122. Pereira MA, Kartashov AI, Ebbeling CB, Van Horn L, Slattery ML, Jacobs DR, Ludwig DS. Fast-food habits, weight gain, and insulin resistance (the CARDIA study): 15-year prospective analysis. Lancet. 2005 Jan 1-7; 365(9453):36-42. PMID: 15639678.
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  123. Pereira MA, Swain J, Goldfine AB, Rifai N, Ludwig DS. Effects of a low-glycemic load diet on resting energy expenditure and heart disease risk factors during weight loss. JAMA. 2004 Nov 24; 292(20):2482-90. PMID: 15562127.
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  124. de Ferranti SD, Gauvreau K, Ludwig DS, Neufeld EJ, Newburger JW, Rifai N. Prevalence of the metabolic syndrome in American adolescents: findings from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Circulation. 2004 Oct 19; 110(16):2494-7. PMID: 15477412.
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  125. Ludwig DS, Jenkins DJ. Carbohydrates and the postprandial state: have our cake and eat it too? Am J Clin Nutr. 2004 Oct; 80(4):797-8. PMID: 15447882.
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  126. Pawlak DB, Kushner JA, Ludwig DS. Effects of dietary glycaemic index on adiposity, glucose homoeostasis, and plasma lipids in animals. Lancet. 2004 Aug 28-Sep 3; 364(9436):778-85. PMID: 15337404.
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  127. Ludwig DS, Gortmaker SL. Programming obesity in childhood. Lancet. 2004 Jul 17-23; 364(9430):226-7. PMID: 15262082.
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  128. Ebbeling CB, Sinclair KB, Pereira MA, Garcia-Lago E, Feldman HA, Ludwig DS. Compensation for energy intake from fast food among overweight and lean adolescents. JAMA. 2004 Jun 16; 291(23):2828-33. PMID: 15199032.
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  129. Bowman SA, Gortmaker SL, Ebbeling CB, Pereira MA, Ludwig DS. Effects of fast-food consumption on energy intake and diet quality among children in a national household survey. Pediatrics. 2004 Jan; 113(1 Pt 1):112-8. PMID: 14702458.
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  130. Jenkins DJ, Kendall CW, Marchie A, Jenkins AL, Augustin LS, Ludwig DS, Barnard ND, Anderson JW. Type 2 diabetes and the vegetarian diet. Am J Clin Nutr. 2003 Sep; 78(3 Suppl):610S-616S. PMID: 12936955.
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  131. Ebbeling CB, Leidig MM, Sinclair KB, Hangen JP, Ludwig DS. A reduced-glycemic load diet in the treatment of adolescent obesity. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2003 Aug; 157(8):773-9. PMID: 12912783.
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  132. Pawlak DB, Ebbeling CB, Ludwig DS. Spirited critique of glycaemic index (GI) and its role in the treatment of obesity. Obes Rev. 2003 Feb; 4(1):73-4. PMID: 12608528.
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  133. Ludwig DS. Diet and development of the insulin resistance syndrome. Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2003; 12 Suppl:S4. PMID: 15023589.
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  134. Ludwig DS. Novel treatments for Obesity. Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2003; 12 Suppl:S8. PMID: 15023593.
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  135. Pawlak DB, Ebbeling CB, Ludwig DS. Should obese patients be counselled to follow a low-glycaemic index diet? Yes. Obes Rev. 2002 Nov; 3(4):235-43. PMID: 12458970.
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  136. Goldfine AB, Ebbeling CB, Ludwig DS. Antegrade intravenous catheterization for metabolic studies in man. Diabetologia. 2002 Dec; 45(12):1742-3. PMID: 12552368.
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  137. Ludwig DS, Ebbeling CB, Pereira MA, Pawlak DB. A physiological basis for disparities in diabetes and heart disease risk among racial and ethnic groups. J Nutr. 2002 Sep; 132(9):2492-3. PMID: 12221199.
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  138. Ebbeling CB, Pawlak DB, Ludwig DS. Childhood obesity: public-health crisis, common sense cure. Lancet. 2002 Aug 10; 360(9331):473-82. PMID: 12241736.
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  139. Ludwig DS. The glycemic index: physiological mechanisms relating to obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. JAMA. 2002 May 08; 287(18):2414-23. PMID: 11988062.
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  140. Pereira MA, Jacobs DR, Van Horn L, Slattery ML, Kartashov AI, Ludwig DS. Dairy consumption, obesity, and the insulin resistance syndrome in young adults: the CARDIA Study. JAMA. 2002 Apr 24; 287(16):2081-9. PMID: 11966382.
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  141. Ludwig DS, Ebbeling CB. Type 2 diabetes mellitus in children: primary care and public health considerations. JAMA. 2001 Sep 26; 286(12):1427-30. PMID: 11572718.
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  142. Pereira MA, Ludwig DS. Dietary fiber and body-weight regulation. Observations and mechanisms. Pediatr Clin North Am. 2001 Aug; 48(4):969-80. PMID: 11494646.
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  143. Ludwig DS, Peterson KE, Gortmaker SL. Relation between consumption of sugar-sweetened drinks and childhood obesity: a prospective, observational analysis. Lancet. 2001 Feb 17; 357(9255):505-8. PMID: 11229668.
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  144. Ludwig DS, Tritos NA, Mastaitis JW, Kulkarni R, Kokkotou E, Elmquist J, Lowell B, Flier JS, Maratos-Flier E. Melanin-concentrating hormone overexpression in transgenic mice leads to obesity and insulin resistance. J Clin Invest. 2001 Feb; 107(3):379-86. PMID: 11160162; PMCID: PMC199192.
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  145. Ebbeling CB, Ludwig DS. Treating obesity in youth: should dietary glycemic load be a consideration? Adv Pediatr. 2001; 48:179-212. PMID: 11480757.
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  146. Agus MS, Swain JF, Larson CL, Eckert EA, Ludwig DS. Dietary composition and physiologic adaptations to energy restriction. Am J Clin Nutr. 2000 Apr; 71(4):901-7. PMID: 10731495; PMCID: PMC2905862.
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  147. Ludwig DS. Dietary glycemic index and obesity. J Nutr. 2000 Feb; 130(2S Suppl):280S-283S. PMID: 10721888.
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  148. Ludwig DS, Pereira MA, Kroenke CH, Hilner JE, Van Horn L, Slattery ML, Jacobs DR. Dietary fiber, weight gain, and cardiovascular disease risk factors in young adults. JAMA. 1999 Oct 27; 282(16):1539-46. PMID: 10546693.
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  149. Ludwig DS, Majzoub JA, Al-Zahrani A, Dallal GE, Blanco I, Roberts SB. High glycemic index foods, overeating, and obesity. Pediatrics. 1999 Mar; 103(3):E26. PMID: 10049982.
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  150. Tritos NA, Vicent D, Gillette J, Ludwig DS, Flier ES, Maratos-Flier E. Functional interactions between melanin-concentrating hormone, neuropeptide Y, and anorectic neuropeptides in the rat hypothalamus. Diabetes. 1998 Nov; 47(11):1687-92. PMID: 9792536.
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  151. Melanson KJ, Greenberg AS, Ludwig DS, Saltzman E, Dallal GE, Roberts SB. Blood glucose and hormonal responses to small and large meals in healthy young and older women. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 1998 Jul; 53(4):B299-305. PMID: 18314561.
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  152. Ludwig DS, Mountjoy KG, Tatro JB, Gillette JA, Frederich RC, Flier JS, Maratos-Flier E. Melanin-concentrating hormone: a functional melanocortin antagonist in the hypothalamus. Am J Physiol. 1998 Apr; 274(4 Pt 1):E627-33. PMID: 9575823.
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  153. Maffei M, Stoffel M, Barone M, Moon B, Dammerman M, Ravussin E, Bogardus C, Ludwig DS, Flier JS, Talley M, et al. Absence of mutations in the human OB gene in obese/diabetic subjects. Diabetes. 1996 May; 45(5):679-82. PMID: 8621022.
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  154. Qu D, Ludwig DS, Gammeltoft S, Piper M, Pelleymounter MA, Cullen MJ, Mathes WF, Przypek R, Kanarek R, Maratos-Flier E. A role for melanin-concentrating hormone in the central regulation of feeding behaviour. Nature. 1996 Mar 21; 380(6571):243-7. PMID: 8637571.
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  155. Ludwig DS, Vidal-Puig A, O'Brien RM, Printz RL, Granner DK, Moller DE, Flier JS. Examination of the phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase gene promoter in patients with noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1996 Feb; 81(2):503-6. PMID: 8636258.
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  156. Clayberger C, Parham P, Rothbard J, Ludwig DS, Schoolnik GK, Krensky AM. HLA-A2 peptides can regulate cytolysis by human allogeneic T lymphocytes. Nature. 1987 Dec 24-31; 330(6150):763-5. PMID: 3501071.
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  157. Parham P, Clayberger C, Zorn SL, Ludwig DS, Schoolnik GK, Krensky AM. Inhibition of alloreactive cytotoxic T lymphocytes by peptides from the alpha 2 domain of HLA-A2. Nature. 1987 Feb 12-18; 325(6105):625-8. PMID: 2433598.
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