 Proinsulin
"Proinsulin" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicine's controlled vocabulary thesaurus,
MeSH (Medical Subject Headings). Descriptors are arranged in a hierarchical structure,
which enables searching at various levels of specificity.
A pancreatic polypeptide of about 110 amino acids, depending on the species, that is the precursor of insulin. Proinsulin, produced by the PANCREATIC BETA CELLS, is comprised sequentially of the N-terminal B-chain, the proteolytically removable connecting C-peptide, and the C-terminal A-chain. It also contains three disulfide bonds, two between A-chain and B-chain. After cleavage at two locations, insulin and C-peptide are the secreted products. Intact proinsulin with low bioactivity also is secreted in small amounts.
| Descriptor ID |
D011384
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| MeSH Number(s) |
D06.472.699.587.200.500 D12.644.548.586.200.500 D12.776.811.706
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| Concept/Terms |
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Below are MeSH descriptors whose meaning is more general than "Proinsulin".
Below are MeSH descriptors whose meaning is more specific than "Proinsulin".
This graph shows the total number of publications written about "Proinsulin" by people in Harvard Catalyst Profiles by year, and whether "Proinsulin" was a major or minor topic of these publication.
Below are the most recent publications written about "Proinsulin" by people in Profiles.
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Strawbridge RJ, Dupuis J, Prokopenko I, Barker A, Ahlqvist E, Rybin D, Petrie JR, Travers ME, Bouatia-Naji N, Dimas AS, Nica A, Wheeler E, Chen H, Voight BF, Taneera J, Kanoni S, Peden JF, Turrini F, Gustafsson S, Zabena C, Almgren P, Barker DJ, Barnes D, Dennison EM, Eriksson JG, Eriksson P, Eury E, Folkersen L, Fox CS, Frayling TM, Goel A, Gu HF, Horikoshi M, Isomaa B, Jackson AU, Jameson KA, Kajantie E, Kerr-Conte J, Kuulasmaa T, Kuusisto J, Loos RJ, Luan J, Makrilakis K, Manning AK, Martínez-Larrad MT, Narisu N, Nastase Mannila M, Ohrvik J, Osmond C, Pascoe L, Payne F, Sayer AA, Sennblad B, Silveira A, Stancáková A, Stirrups K, Swift AJ, Syvänen AC, Tuomi T, van 't Hooft FM, Walker M, Weedon MN, Xie W, Zethelius B, Ongen H, Mälarstig A, Hopewell JC, Saleheen D, Chambers J, Parish S, Danesh J, Kooner J, Ostenson CG, Lind L, Cooper CC, Serrano-Ríos M, Ferrannini E, Forsen TJ, Clarke R, Franzosi MG, Seedorf U, Watkins H, Froguel P, Johnson P, Deloukas P, Collins FS, Laakso M, Dermitzakis ET, Boehnke M, McCarthy MI, Wareham NJ, Groop L, Pattou F, Gloyn AL, Dedoussis GV, Lyssenko V, Meigs JB, Barroso I, Watanabe RM, Ingelsson E, Langenberg C, Hamsten A, Florez JC. Genome-wide association identifies nine common variants associated with fasting proinsulin levels and provides new insights into the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes. Diabetes. 2011 Oct; 60(10):2624-34.
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McCaffery JM, Jablonski KA, Franks PW, Dagogo-Jack S, Wing RR, Knowler WC, Delahanty L, Dabelea D, Hamman R, Shuldiner AR, Florez JC. TCF7L2 polymorphism, weight loss and proinsulin:insulin ratio in the diabetes prevention program. PLoS One. 2011; 6(7):e21518.
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Majithia AR, Jablonski KA, McAteer JB, Mather KJ, Goldberg RB, Kahn SE, Florez JC. Association of the SLC30A8 missense polymorphism R325W with proinsulin levels at baseline and after lifestyle, metformin or troglitazone intervention in the Diabetes Prevention Program. Diabetologia. 2011 Oct; 54(10):2570-4.
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Lee AH, Heidtman K, Hotamisligil GS, Glimcher LH. Dual and opposing roles of the unfolded protein response regulated by IRE1alpha and XBP1 in proinsulin processing and insulin secretion. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2011 May 24; 108(21):8885-90.
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Hatanaka M, Tanabe K, Yanai A, Ohta Y, Kondo M, Akiyama M, Shinoda K, Oka Y, Tanizawa Y. Wolfram syndrome 1 gene (WFS1) product localizes to secretory granules and determines granule acidification in pancreatic beta-cells. Hum Mol Genet. 2011 Apr 1; 20(7):1274-84.
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Preis SR, Massaro JM, Robins SJ, Hoffmann U, Vasan RS, Irlbeck T, Meigs JB, Sutherland P, D'Agostino RB, O'Donnell CJ, Fox CS. Abdominal subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue and insulin resistance in the Framingham heart study. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2010 Nov; 18(11):2191-8.
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Park HJ, Zhang Y, Du C, Welzig CM, Madias C, Aronovitz MJ, Georgescu SP, Naggar I, Wang B, Kim YB, Blaustein RO, Karas RH, Liao R, Mathews CE, Galper JB. Role of SREBP-1 in the development of parasympathetic dysfunction in the hearts of type 1 diabetic Akita mice. Circ Res. 2009 Jul 31; 105(3):287-94.
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Stolerman ES, Manning AK, McAteer JB, Fox CS, Dupuis J, Meigs JB, Florez JC. TCF7L2 variants are associated with increased proinsulin/insulin ratios but not obesity traits in the Framingham Heart Study. Diabetologia. 2009 Apr; 52(4):614-20.
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Rickels MR, Mueller R, Markmann JF, Naji A. Effect of glucagon-like peptide-1 on beta- and alpha-cell function in isolated islet and whole pancreas transplant recipients. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2009 Jan; 94(1):181-9.
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Feanny MA, Fagan SP, Ballian N, Liu SH, Li Z, Wang X, Fisher W, Brunicardi FC, Belaguli NS. PDX-1 expression is associated with islet proliferation in vitro and in vivo. J Surg Res. 2008 Jan; 144(1):8-16.
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